• CLASS 9 Landforms of the Earth • GEOMORPHOLOGY • Geo – earth, morph – form, ology – science • Systematic study of the earth’s relief feature • Orogeny – mountain building movements (9) • Orogeny – extends in time for some tens of millions of years • Oro – mountain , geny – formation MOUNTAINS • Mountain building period – between 600 and 3500 million years ago • Three recent orogenics are: • Caledonian – 350 million years old (examples: Mountains of Scotland and Scandinavia) • Hercynian – 250 million years ago (examples: Urals , Appalachians) • Alpine – 30 million years ago (examples: Himalayas, Andes, Rockies) DEFINITION OF MOUNTAINS • Landform that rise above the surrounding land above 600 metres • Landform below 600m – hill. • Peak- highest part of the mountain. • Ranges- long chains of group of mountains. • Mountain System- a group of ranges, displaying similar alignment, form, s...